FAO Digital Media Hub - Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in Bangladesh: A One Health Approach

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Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in Bangladesh: A One Health Approach

A group of health professionals called the Bangladesh AMR Response Alliance (BARA), which follows the One Health approach to develop new guidance for responsible antimicrobial use in humans and animals. Professionals across the sector need to work together. National guidelines for prescribing and use of antimicrobials will help veterinarians and farmers.

Duration 10m53s

Edit Version International

Video Type Video News Release (VNR)

Date 02/07/2018

File size 804.70 MB

Unique ID UF2ENP

All editorial uses permitted

Production details and shotlist

UNFAO Source FAO Video

Shotlist LOCATIONS: Bangladesh: Dhaka, Pabna – Italy: FAO HQ, Rome

DATE: October 2017

AUDIO: Natural, English, Bengali

Footage:

00.00 – 00.32 Dhaka Bangladesh 20.10.2017

Aerial W/S of traffic busy street

Aerial W/S of empty rickshaws

W/S of Dhaka Medical College Hospital entrance and sign

W/S of man on phone walking out of Dhaka Medical College Hospital entrance

W/S of trader in a shop handling antibiotics while a customer looks on

C/U of customer’s hand as he looks at the antibiotic bottle, the trader takes the bottle

C/U of cabinet full of antibiotic bottles

W/S of the trader and customer

C/U of the trader bagging up the antibiotics

W/S of another trader’s shop with another customer

C/U of the counter with antibiotics clearly visible

M/S of a man bagging up antibiotics

00.32 – 02.15 Poultry Market, Dhaka, Bangladesh 20.10.2017

00.32 – 01.37

Various GVs of Eric Brum, Country Team Leader Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases, FAO, Bangladesh walking through the market and talking with traders

01.37 – 02.15

Various GVs of poultry traders at the market and poultry in cages

02.15 – 04.35 Poultry Farm, Dhaka, Bangladesh 18.10.2017

02.15 – 02.53

Various GVs of the poultry farm and poultry inside the coop.

02.53 – 04.13

M/S pan of female poultry farmer, Bulbuli Khatun, pouring feed into a container

C/U of Bulbuli Khatun’s face

M/S of Bulbuli Khatun’s legs walking past the chickens

W/S of a male poultry farmer working in the chicken coop

C/U of the male poultry farmer’s face as he works

C/U of the stick he is using as it turns over the soil on the coop floor

C/U of the male farmer’s hand as he pours antibiotic into a bucket of water and mixes it

M/S of antibiotic bottles on a shelf in the poultry farm

C/U of antibiotic bottles on a shelf in the poultry farm

W/S of a veterinary professional holding an antibiotic container while talking to a bearded poultry farmer

C/U of the antibiotic container

W/S Pan to the two veterinary professionals talking to the bearded poultry farmer

M/S of the farmer talking to one of the veterinary professionals

C/U of the bearded poultry farmer talking

M/S of veterinary professionals washing their wellington boots

C/U pan on one veterinary professional washing his wellington boots

04.13 – 04.35

W/S of the river next to the poultry farm

W/S of a boat moving across the river

W/S of river with silhouetted diving figure in the foreground

M/S of boy swimming in the water

M/S of two boys swimming in the river with a branch in the foreground

W/S of a man washing his young boy as another boy swims in the water behind

04.35 – 05.05 Laboratory, Dhaka, Bangladesh 19.10.2017

C/U of a laboratory light being turned onto a subject

M/S pan up on lab technician examining a chicken

W/S of lab technician examining a chicken with assistant holding chicken

M/S of lab technician putting a swab in the chicken’s mouth

C/U of lab technician putting a swab in the chicken’s mouth

C/U of lab technician’s masked face

C/U of a second masked lab technician looking through a microscope

C/U of gloved hand turning the lens of the microscope

C/U of a gloved hand working with a petri dish

C/U of a third masked lab technician looking down at the petri dish

05.05 – 05.13 Himalayas, India 23.01.2017

Two general W/S views of the Himalayas

Interviews:

Eric Brum , Country Team Leader Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases. FAO, Bangladesh

- FAO office, Dhaka Bangladesh 21.10.2017

1. 05.13 – 05.54

Bangladesh is unique in the world, I mean it’s unique in a lot of ways. But in relationship to emerging infectious diseases it is perhaps the place on earth that is most at risk for new diseases to emerge and that has to do with the fact that we are on a major flood plain of the Ganges and also the Bramaputra which drains both the North and the South side of the Himalayas and this flood plain supports more people and more animals than any other place on Earth. We have the highest densities of people and the highest densities of animals. It’s a remarkably productive land but that also means that its remarkably productive at producing new pathogens.

2. 05.54 – 06.16

On top of that you put in the factors of the current economy and the population and we see that we’re accelerating the potential for emerging diseases through the continued population growth and this rapid economic growth that we’re going through now, where we’re seeing a doubling of the economy within ten years.

- Restaurant, Poultry market, Dhaka, Bangladesh 20.10.2017

3. 06.16 – 06.30

And what we see on farms is that, in order to support this kind of production, we’re seeing a remarkable level of usage of a wide variety of antibiotics. Including antibiotics that are critically important for humans.

- FAO office, Dhaka Bangladesh 21.10.2017

4. 06.30 – 06.41

AMR is bacteria fighting back against us. So any time you use an antibiotic, bacteria learn. And there’s billions of them.

- FAO office, Dhaka Bangladesh 21.10.2017

5. 06.41 – 06.49

And the more pressure that we put on them with antibiotics, then the more rapidly the resistance will develop. So it’s an issue of quantity.

- Restaurant, Poultry market, Dhaka, Bangladesh 20.10.2017

6. 06.49 – 07.02

I think that globally we recognise now that we have reached that turning point. That we are at the phase where antibiotics are no longer working to control infections that we need to stop.

7. 07.02 – 07.17

The issue is that farmers are again under again tremendous pressure to produce and they fundamentally don’t appreciate many times what the risks are of the products that they are using. They don’t realise the risks of that product to their families, to themselves and obviously to the wider community.

- FAO office, Dhaka Bangladesh 21.10.2017

8. 07.17 – 07.45

So in producing that poultry we’re now having to rely on higher and higher levels of antibiotics. On one side because the farms themselves are not very bio-secure. They don’t have a lot of space. There is weak support for them at the local level. These farmers are often working poor. But on the other hand we see that the drug manufacturers have seen an opportunity.

- Restaurant, Poultry market, Dhaka, Bangladesh 20.10.2017

9. 07.45 – 08.10

The drug industry has been very creative in responding to the legislation. The legislation is very clear and robust in banning all antibiotic usage in feed. Unfortunately it didn’t address at all the use of antibiotics in drinking water. So what we’ve seen now is a growth and a diversification of products for use in drinking water. Often for same purposes as we would use in feed. To promote growth.

10. 08.10 – 08.17

So it’s not always an issue of the farmer requiring them. She’s being advised to use them.

11. 08.17 – 08.36

What ultimately we see is that it is not the fault of the people who are here. These people are doing a task that no-one recognises. In making sure that we get the food that we want everyday. And it’s our job now to shed light on their situation, on their challenges so that we can better support them.

- FAO office, Dhaka Bangladesh 21.10.2017

12. 08.36 – 08.59

So the challenge then is how do we come up with a solution that doesn’t compromise our food security, while also protecting our human health, our public health. And within FAO we’re very fortunate to be able to have a range of expertise in these areas. And working together with our counterparts in WHO and OIE we are able to then work on these one health solutions [that benefit everyone.] powercut – loss of light

- Restaurant, Poultry market, Dhaka, Bangladesh 20.10.2017

13. 08.59 – 09.34

There is no-one that can escape the challenge of AMR. We don’t have a privileged class that will be able to access antibiotics that no-one else can access. You have a resistant infection? It’s untreatable regardless of how rich you are. So that’s also something that perhaps people don’t realise. So our strategy is very clear: ‘shobai bhai bon’. We’re all brothers and sisters. And if we start to serve each other more, we can start to come up with better solutions that will serve all of humanity for the generations to come.

Bulbuli Khatun, Poultry Farmer, Pabna, Bangladesh

09.34 – 09.54 Pabna Village, Bangladesh 18.10.2017

1. We have no idea that the antibiotics we are giving to the chickens can be harmful to humans.

2. The dealers send the vets to our farm and tell us to follow their instructions for treating the chickens.

3. The dealers say if we don’t give antibiotics to our chickens and they get sick and die, then it is us, the farmers who have to pay.

Prof. Sayedur Rahman , Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh

09.54 – 10.12 Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University office, Dhaka Bangladesh 21.10.2017

1. This is a unique idea actually, to form this kind of forum shared by all human and animal health individuals who are involved in research, who are involved in providing cure, who are academicians. This is really an excellent initiative.

2. This alliance may play a significant role in the containment of antimicrobial resistance in Bangladesh.

Sarah Cahill, Food Safety Officer, FAO

10.12 – 10.53 FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy 7.12.12017

1. The Bangladesh Antimicrobial Resistance Alliance is a great example of where a country is moving past the blame game and really working together to address antimicrobial resistance.

2. Currently we have the veterinarians coming together with the medical doctors to work together to develop guidelines for the respective sectors on how to better and more effectively use antimicrobials and thereby protect this important resource for the future.

3. Change is not simply a matter of saying no more antimicrobial use as growth promoter. We have to put our money where our mouth is and actually invest in these countries, in enabling to make the necessary change to reduce use of antimicrobials as growth promoters.

ENDS

Script Antimicrobial Resistance or AMR is a global threat. An estimated 700,000 people die from resistant infections every year. The United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) is helping countries develop One Health National Action Plans on AMR for the responsible use of antimicrobials from farm to fork. Antimicrobials must be used responsibly in all sectors to keep them working. Changes in agricultural practices are essential for this to happen. Kenya’s AMR National Action Plan follows the One Health approach, prioritizing the prevention of infections to reduce the need for antimicrobials. Healthy animals, just like healthy people, don’t need antibiotics. Actions to improve hygiene, biosecurity and nutrition help to prevent infections.

Farmers need support to change their working practices and should be provided with information about the responsible use of antimicrobials and antibiotics. The overuse of antimicrobials speeds up resistance.

A group of health professionals called the Bangladesh AMR Response Alliance (BARA), which follows the One Health approach to develop new guidance for responsible antimicrobial use in humans and animals. Professionals across the sector need to work together. National guidelines for prescribing and use of antimicrobials will help veterinarians and farmers.

If everyone works together then it will be possible to stay ahead of antimicrobial resistance.

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